WASHINGTON (AP) 鈥 In many ways, the assassination attempt against Donald Trump at a Pennsylvania campaign stop was a perfect storm of failings coming together that allowed 20-year-old Michael Thomas Crooks to climb on top of a nearby building and take eight shots at the once and future president.
One attendee was killed, two others wounded and a bullet grazed Trump's ear before a Secret Service counter sniper opened fire on Crooks and killed him. That day jolted an already chaotic race for the White House and in his party and beyond.
It also became a turning point for the agency tasked with protecting the president. As more details emerged about what went wrong, questions multiplied: What happened to the Secret Service's planning? Why was a rooftop with a clear line of sight to Trump left unguarded? What motivated the shooter?
Another where a gunman camped in the shrubbery outside one of Trump鈥檚 golf courses before being spotted and shot at by a Secret Service agent also raised questions about the agency's performance.
A year after Butler, multiple investigations have detailed the breakdowns that day. Under a new leader hired by Trump, the agency has been pushing to address those problems but key questions remain.
鈥淭his was a wake-up call for the Secret Service," said retired supervisory agent Bobby McDonald, who's now a criminal justice lecturer at the University of New Haven.
Here's a look at what went wrong, what's been done to address problems and the questions still unanswered.
How'd he get on that roof? Who was talking to who?
All the investigations zeroed in on a few specific problems.
The building with a clear sight line to the stage where the president was speaking only 135 meters (157 yards) away was left unguarded. Crooks eventually boosted himself up there and fired eight shots with an AR-style rifle.
The into its own agency's conduct said that it wasn't that the line-of-sight risks weren't known about ahead of time. It was that multiple personnel assessed them as 鈥渁cceptable.鈥
Supervisors had expected large pieces of farm equipment would be situated to block the view from the building. Those ultimately weren't placed, and staffers who visited the site before the rally didn't tell their supervisors that the line-of-sight concerns hadn鈥檛 been addressed, the report said.
Another glaring problem: fragmented communications between the Secret Service and the local law enforcement that the agency regularly relies on to secure events.
Instead of having one unified command post with representatives from every agency providing security in the same room, there were two command posts at the rally. One investigation described a 鈥渃haotic mixture鈥 of radio, cell phone, text, and email used to communicate that day.
鈥楨nsure such an event can never be repeated鈥
The Secret Service issued a report Thursday about what it has done to address problems laid bare at Butler.
鈥淪ince President Trump appointed me as director of the United States Secret Service, I have kept my experience on July 13 top of mind, and the agency has taken many steps to ensure such an event can never be repeated in the future,鈥 said Sean Curran, whom Trump tasked with leading the agency. Curran was one of the agents standing next to Trump as he was hustled off the stage after the shooting.
The agency said it had implemented 21 of the 46 recommendations made by Congressional oversight bodies. The rest were either in progress or not up to the agency to implement.
Some of what they've done involves new equipment and a greater emphasis on addressing threats from above. They've created a new Aviation Division to oversee aerial operations like drones. The agency said it has two armored ATVs for use on golf courses and is producing another three. And they're purchasing mobile command vehicles that will be pre-positioned around the country.
But much of what the agency says it has done is about changing policies and procedures to address those July 13 lapses 鈥 things like revising their manual to 鈥渁dvance procedures and communication practices鈥 when it comes to coordinating with local law enforcement or clarifying who's responsible for events where protectees are appearing.
They've updated their procedures about documenting line-of-sight concerns and how those concerns are going to be addressed.
So far it doesn't appear that anyone has been or will be fired, although the agency's director at the time, . The agency said Thursday that six staffers have been disciplined with suspensions ranging from 10 to 42 days without pay; the six were placed on restricted duty or nonoperational positions. Their identities and positions were not released.
What we still don't know
In many ways are still a mystery.
He was killed by a Secret Service countersniper and did not leave much information about why he did what he did. Investigators say they believe he acted alone and they didn't find any threatening comments or ideological positions on social media that shed light on his thinking.
And while it's clear what went wrong in Butler, questions linger about how things that were so clearly problematic 鈥 like that open roof 鈥 weren't addressed ahead of time.
Anthony Cangelosi, a former Secret Service agent who is now a lecturer at John Jay College of Criminal Justice, said that without being able to read the interviews with the agents involved in the Butler planning it's hard to know exactly why they did what they did. A year later, he still struggles with how so many things went wrong.
鈥淚 can鈥檛 understand how many errors were made on that site that day," he said. 鈥淚f they agreed to leave that roof unoccupied, I can鈥檛 ... understand it for the life of me.鈥
The widow , who died during the Butler assassination attempt, echoed some of that sentiment during an interview with Fox News this week.
鈥淲hy was that such a failure? Why weren鈥檛 they paying attention? Why did they think that that roof didn鈥檛 need covered? I want to sit down and talk to them,鈥 Helen Comperatore said.
Cangelosi said he still questions whether the agency asked for additional personnel to cover a busy election year and if they did, whether those requests were granted. He thinks the Secret Service needs better pay to retain agents tempted to leave the agency for other federal government jobs.
McDonald said he suspects part of the problem ahead of the Butler rally was that the Secret Service might have had a hard time understanding that the type of protection Trump needed wasn't the same as for other former presidents.
He said it 鈥渂oggles the mind鈥 how Crooks was able to get on that roof and said that 鈥渃ommunication鈥 and 鈥渃omplacency鈥 are the two issues that he thinks really went wrong in Butler.
But he also said that he feels the agency is moving in the right direction. 鈥淎 lot of good people doing a lot good work there," he said, 鈥渁nd I hope they continue to move in the right direction.鈥
