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Of the 26,000 illegal crossings from Canada into the United States reported in 2024, Bonnardel said, 19,000 were in the Swanton region, a stretch of land that touches parts of Quebec, Ontario and the states of Vermont and New York. Swanton also includes Akwesasne, a Mohawk territory that straddles Quebec, Ontario and New York state.

"So we must put 80 per cent of the future efforts … in this sector to show Americans there is a decline in the coming months," he said about the flow of migrants across the border.

For weeks, Trump has threatened to impose tariffs on Canada's exports if the federal government doesn't improve border security.

Bonnardel says that while the federal government recently pledged $1.3 billion to upgrade security, it's unclear how that money will be parcelled out. The minister plans to join Quebec Premier François Legault in Ottawa on Wednesday for a meeting involving provincial and territorial leaders and the federal government over border concerns.

The largest percentage of migrants who cross illegally into the U.S. are Indian nationals, Bonnardel said. "Why the Indian community? From what I understand, these people arrive (in Canada) legally with permits and visas and try to cross to the other side."

There are currently 800 federal and provincial officers and other officials operating in the Swanton sector. Bonnardel said Quebec is ready to deploy 300 additional provincial police officers within 48 hours if there's a marked rise in illegal crossings into the U.S.

Meanwhile, Quebec is tripling the number of provincial police officers lent to the U.S.-led border enforcement security task force, for a total of nine officers. Their work is co-ordinated by the Homeland Security Investigations, and the officers fight organized crime at the border. ´ºÉ«Ö±²¥ law enforcement partners are also involved.

Also Tuesday, the Saskatchewan government announced it would send 16 officers to patrol high-priority areas at its border with the U.S.  The officers are to be drawn from the province's conservation, highway patrol and canine-handler teams.

Premier Scott Moe said the officers are to patrol high-priority areas and will be equipped with a mobile command unit, licence plate readers, drones, snowmobiles, all-terrain vehicles and three planes.

"If our largest trading partner has identified the 49th parallel and border security as a challenge, then that's a conversation we need to partake in," Moe said.

So far this year, there's nothing right now to suggest there will be a significant rise in the flow of migrants in either direction of the border, Bonnardel said.

"But I can't sit back," he added, suggesting that Trump's rhetoric on quickly deporting illegal immigrants as soon as he takes office might trigger an influx of people into Canada. "We have to prepare to face a possible flow (of migrants) in the coming days, the coming weeks."

This report by ´ºÉ«Ö±²¥was first published Jan. 14, 2025.